OK, time to stifle the Thanksgiving jokes about turkey making you drowsy. Yes, there’s an amino acid called tryptophan in turkey, and it does help your body produce a chemical called serotonin, which promotes a good night’s sleep. But chicken, beef, nuts, and cheese also contain tryptophan, and no one’s pointing the finger at them. So if you nod off after dinner, it’s probably due to all the carbs in that pile of brown-and-serve rolls you scarfed down.
After years of taking a bad rap as a sleep aid, it’s time for tryptophan to get the respect it deserves — because it’s really important to your immune system, immune cells are highly dependent on tryptophan. In fact, researchers at Roswell Park want to help cancer patients’ immune cells get a hearty helping of tryptophan so they’ll be strong enough to fight the disease.
Cancer cells use this weakness to their advantage by turning on an enzyme called indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase — IDO for short — which starves the immune cells of tryptophan and puts the brakes on the immune system. When that happens, voilà — cancer cells can reproduce and spread without interference.
Roswell Park teams are using that knowledge to develop more effective immunotherapies. They are among the first researchers to combine vaccines with agents that can prevent IDO enzymes from cutting off the immune cells’ supply of tryptophan.
When IDO enzymes are blocked, more tryptophan becomes available for the immune cells. They are then able to do their job, fighting cancer cells.
So when you sit down to the Thanksgiving feast this year, raise your fork to tryptophan and the power of your awesome immune system!