Better understanding of Barrett’s esophagus may lead to earlier detection of deadly disease

Most adults suffer from occasional heartburn. But when acid reflux takes a serious turn, it may be the indication of Barrett’s esophagus, a chronic condition closely linked to esophageal cancer. Irwin Gelman, PhD, Chairman and Professor of Oncology in the Department of Cancer Genetics at RPCI, is leading an investigation into the connection between Barrett’s esophagus and the development of this sometimes deadly form of cancer.

Rates of esophageal cancer have increased significantly in recent decades—more than 300 percent—and 95 percent of cases occur in patients with Barrett’s esophagus.  However, research to this point has been unable to indicate why and how the condition increases the likelihood that cancer will occur.

Thanks to a new grant funded by your gifts, Dr. Gelman’s team is working to develop genetic tests that can more definitively indicate which Barrett’s esophagus cases are likely to progress into esophageal cancer, and why. Additionally, Dr. Gelman’s research will investigate the role certain bacteria or viruses play in the development of cancer of the esophagus, including the human papilloma virus (HPV).

“Patients with Barrett’s esophagus need to know as much as possible about their risk of developing esophageal cancer,” said Dr. Gelman. “By developing new screening methods, our goal is to determine the likelihood or presence of cancer early and accurately, giving these patients their best chance at survival.”