Multiple Myeloma

Overview 

Multiple myeloma is the name given to a group of diseases called plasma cell neoplasms. Plasma cells are made by white blood cells called lymphocytes. The plasma cells make antibodies, the parts of the blood that fight infection and toxins). When plasma cells become cancerous, they may make too many antibodies.

Multiple myeloma is more common in African-Americans than Caucasians, in people over age 45, and in people who have been exposed to radiation and industrial chemicals.

Incidence

The American Cancer Society estimates that more than 19,900 new cases of multiple myeloma will be diagnosed in 2008.

Signs & Symptoms

Early symptoms may include swollen lymph nodes, liver and spleen; bone pain; and easy bruising.

Screening & Diagnosis

No screening tests are available. Blood tests, lymph node biopsy, CT and MRI scans, and bone marrow biopsy are used to diagnose this cancer.

Treatment

Chemotherapy is the main treatment option, although some patients may receive immunotherapy or radiation therapy as well. In some cases, blood and marrow transplantation may be an option.